The only option really as Emily says is the the bottom left side wall of your plan. I wouldn't suggest putting it in front of the balcony - that's just not good circulation. And any ways you'd probably have a problem with electricity and plugging in your components and have wires all over the floor in front of the balcony. Put it on that wall and use a swivel mount so you can angle the TV around as you need to. You could also use a lift cabinet if you want to conceal your TV at times...

I'm assuming since he's recommended 5 panels, they will all be stacking to one side? If you were to have each side stack, then an even number would make sense. If they are stacking to one side, then five is better, as it is an odd number (better visually) and one less panel to stack back. You might want to tell us more about where these doors are going and perhaps even send us some pictures. If we can see what you are addressing we would be able to give you an answer that goes beyond conjecture.

Kitchen and dinning area could be smaller. The laundry ideally should be easily accessed, preferably close to the kitchen. Will the carport be parked with a vehicle for the majority of time? If so it might not be ideal to have the living room looking at the carport that is covered without much daylight.

If privacy is the issue, get the sliders tinted to about 70%. You'll still get most of the natural light but will have privacy. Now, keep in mind this only works during the day. At night you are exposed. To address this, you may wish to do a floor to ceiling white sheer/linen curtains. The number of folds in the curtain will dictate the amount of visible silhouette at night. Best of luck!